Milling-machine



H. H. WANDERS.

MILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, 1918.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

6 SHEETS--SHEET I.

'H. H. WANDERS.

MILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 9. 19m.

1, 1921. 6 SflEETS-SHEET .2.

w N m m H. H. WANDERS.

MILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man SEPT. 9, 1918.

1 ,395,373, Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H. H. WANDERS.

MILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. 19l8.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921'.

6 SHEETSSHEET 4.

5 \NH M r H. H. WANDERS.

MILLING MACHlNE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, 1918.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

% 6 E:EETS-SHEET 5. N N

rlllllfllll gnaw? III I l L H. H. WANDERS.

MILLING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9,1918.

Patented Nov. 1,1921.

6 SHEETSSHEET 6.

UNITED STATES HANS H. WANDERS, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

MILLING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

Application filed September 9, 1918. Serial No. 253,315.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HANS H. WANDERS, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Brookline, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in MillingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

In the manufacture of crank shafts, particularly those employed in motors for air craft, it is necessary to subject the rough forging to numerous operations before it reaches its finished form, including the turning or reduction of the crank pins and the journals.

The object of the present invention is to provide a machine for simultaneously reducing the various journals with which the crank shaft is provided; and, 011 the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated an embodiment of the invention, in which I employ a seriesof rotary tools, arranged in parallelism and mounted upon a carrier which may be advanced toward and from the crank shaft so as to bring the tools into potential working position. The crank shaft itself is clamped in a rotary carrier whereby it may be given one or more complete rotations after the tools have been brought to working position, so as to cause all of the tools to operate upon all of the journals simultaneously. This machine is' complemental to the machine illustrated in my copending application Serial No. 215,896, filed February 7, 1918, by which the crank pins may all be simultaneously reduced. These machines maybe used in series, so that, after the crank=pins ofa shaft have been reduced on one machine, the shaft may be subjected to the operation of the second machine for the reduction of the journals, or vice versa.

On the accompanying drawings,-

Figure 1 represents in front elevation a machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 represents an end elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 represents, on a larger scale, a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 represents a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 represents a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4 on a still larger scale through one of the cutters and the adjacent parts.

-bed on the line 14-14 Fig. 6 represents a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 represents a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 represents a horizontal section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1, and illustrates the worm-feed-shaft and the clutch mechanism employed therewith.

Fig. 9 represents a. section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 7 and shows a part of the clutch-controlling mechanism.

Fig. 10 represents the tool slide detached.

Fig. 11 illustrates the locking mechanism for securin the tool slide from movement.

Fig. 12 ilustrates one of the clamps for clamping the work, being a section on the line 12-12 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 13 represents a 13-13 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 14 illustrates a section on the line section through the of Fig. 2, and shows the means for screening the oil which is supplied to the tool.

Fig. 15 (Sheet 4) shows the sprocket drive for the work-feed shaft.

Fig. 16 represents a crank shaft undergoing operation by the cutters and illustrates the formation of the undercut grooves in the crank arms adjacent the journals.

The machine is provided with a main bed or frame-work of any suitable construction. As shown, it is provided with a cast. hollow cabinet base 20 of suitable form to receiveand support the various operative elements of the machine. Extending from the rear toward the front of the machine, the bed is provided with a table 21 (see Fig. 3) having an undercut guideway 22, on which a tool slide, indicated as a whole at 23, is mounted to reciprocate. This slide or tool carrier is shown detached in Fig. 10, and itconsists of a base 24, which projects forwardly part way across the machine as shown in Fig. 3, and a substantially rectangular box cast integrally therewith. This box is formed with the end walls 25, 26, a rear wall 27, and a front wall 28 (see Fig. 4) which is provided with a series of annular housings 29 supported and strengthened by suitable ribs as shown in said last-mentioned figure. The top of the box, which is indicated at 30, is removable, being ordinarily held in place by screws 31. On this carrier are mounted the tools and the shaft by which they are rotated wall of the carrier.

as will subsequently be explained. It may be moved transversely of the table forwardly and rearwardly by any suitable mechanism. As shown, there is secured to the under side of the carrier a nut 32, operatively engaged with the threaded portion of a screw shaft Said shaft is located in a groove or depression formed in the guideway 22 on the table, and it is j ournaled in a bearing 34 and also in the front wall of the bed as at 35 (see Figs. 3 and 6). The shaft is held against endwise movement by a collar 36 secured thereto by a pin 37 and also by a collar 38 held in place by a set screw 39, said collars engaging respectively the face of the bearing 34 and the face of the bearing 35. The front end of the shaft is reduced and projects forwardly from the front of the bed, and a large hand wheel 40 is keyed thereto, as shown in Fig. 6, and held in place by a nut 41 and washer 42. By means of the screw bar and the hand wheel, the tool carrier or slide may be fed toward and from the work. It is desirable at times to lock the tool slide against movement, and this is accomplished in part by a screw pin 43 threaded-into a socket in the end of the shaft 33 and having a tapering portion 44 in engagement with a friction block 45 inserted in a lateral socket in the shaft. The block is shown as being formed in two separable parts, either of which may be removed in case it'becomes worn. The screw pin 43 has a knurled head 46, by which, after the shaft has been rotated to the desired extent, the pin 43 may be rotated to force, by a wedging action, the block 45 into engagement with the bearing 35, thereby holding the shaft 33 against accidental rotation. To limit the advancing movement of the tool slide, there is fixed to the rear thereof a bracket 47 provided with an abutment screw 48 which may engage a .stop 49 secured to the table as shown. The

abutment screw, after'adjustment, is held in place by a lock nut 50. In its rearward movement, the tool carrier is limited by the engagement of the nut 32 with the stop 49, as is apparent from an inspection of Fig. 6.

Journaled in the tool carrier are a number -of tool spindles equal in number to those portions of the work upon which the machine is designed to operate simultaneously. In Fig. 5, I have illustrated one of these spindles and the adjacentparts in detail. The spindle is indicated at 51 and it projects forwardly through one of the annular housings 29 which is formed on the front The rear wall 27 of the carrier is provided with inwardly extending annular housings 52 which are in axial alinement with the respective housings 29. Bushings are introduced into the two ournal bearings thus formed. The rear end of the spindle 51 1s ournaled in a tapered bushing 53 which telescopes within a complemental bushing 54, the latter being pinned to the bearing 52 by a pin 55. A screw plug 56, introduced into the rear wall 27 of the carrier, engages the bushing 53 and serves as means for effecting its adjustment to compensate for wear. At the front portion of the carrier, the spindle is mounted in the two complemental tapered bushings 57, 58, the latter having its larger end abutting against a collar 59 screwed into the threaded end of the bushing 57. The bushing 57 is passed into a bushing 60 and is in threaded engagement therewith, the bushing 60 being held against rotationas well as against longitudinal movement by pins 61 passed through the annular housings 29. At its inner end, the bushing 57 engages a washer 62 which bears against two lock nuts 63, 64, threaded 'on the spindle. The function of the washer and lock nuts is to hold the spindle against forward movement, the rear thrust being sustained by washers 65 placed between a shoulder 66 formed on the spindle and the shoulder 67 which forms the bottom of a recess in the front end of the bushing 57. The end thrust in either direction of the bushing '57 is thus sustained by the bushing 60 which is pinned to the housing as previously explained. The forwardly-projecting end of the bushing 57 has a peripheral flange with radial sockets to receive a spanner or other instrumentality by which it may be rotated to adjust the spindle axially. Each spindle is accordingly adjustable relatively to the others, so that it is possible to reduce all the journals of the crank shaft to the same diameter, or to provide for differences in the diameter of the finished journals. It is desirable that the bushing 57 for each spindle normally should be held against rotation, and this is accomplished by a clamping device illustrated in Fig. 13. The bushing 60 is transversely slotted on one side to permit two members 601 and 602, passed in opposite directions into a socket in the housing 29, to be drawn by a screw 603 into clamping relation to the bushing 57. Of the two members, that at 602 only is threaded, the head of the screw 603 taking bearing against the upper end of the member-601. Each spindle has keyed thereto a gear 68 by which it cutter, as indicated at 71. This cutter has cutting edges as indicated at 72 in Fig. 5 so that it may undercut the work as indicated in Fig. 16. That is, each cutting edge extends partially across the face of the head as at 6, across the periphery as at f, and on the back of the tool as at g.

For effecting the simultaneous rotation of all of the spindles, I employ a shaft 73, arranged transversely thereto, which is journaled at its opposite ends in ball bearings 74:, 75, in the end walls 25 and 26 of the carrier; and between said bearings and between each adjacent pair of spindles the interior of the carrier is provided with additional bearings 76 for the shaft. The type of ball bearings employed is such that the shaft 73 is held against axial play. Gears 77 are splined upon the shaft 73 to intermesh with the gears 68. I prefer to employ spiral intermeshing gears, although it is obvious that other forms of intermeshing gears may be utilized. At one end the shaft 73 is threaded and provided with a nut 78, and at its other end the shaft is provided with a shoulder 7 9. Between the nut and the shoulder, short sleeves 80 are strung upon the shaft to space the inner races of the ball bearings and the gears 77. The nut 78 is concealed within a removable cap 81 secured to the end wall 25 of the carrier. At its inner end the shaft 73 has keyed or otherwise secured thereto a driving pulley 82 to which power may be transmitted by a belt 83 from a counter-shaft, motor or other suitable source of power. The end wall 26 of the carrier is formed with an annular housing to receive the ball bearing 75, and in the housing is screwed a locking collar 84 which secures the races of the ball bearing in place. From this description, it will be apparent that, upon the application of power to the belt pulley 82 to eifect the rotation of the shaft 73, the spindles will all be rotated simultaneously; and that, upon the rotation of the shaft 33 by the hand wheel 40 in one direction or the other, the tool carrier will be advanced or retracted as the case may be.

It is desirable that the tool carrier may be positively locked against movement after it has been adjusted to bring the tools into potential working relation to the work, and, for this purpose, the following mechanism isemployed, reference being had more particularly to Figs. 3, 10 and 11. A clamping mechanism is employed which comprises a longitudinal bar or gib 85 which is located between the undercut edge of the guideway 22 and the inner wall of the dove-tailed groove formed in the under side of the tool carrier, as best shown in Fig. 3. This bar is engaged by a plurality of laterally arranged pins 86, 86 and 86, as shownin Fig. 11. The ends of the pins 86 are beveled or wedgeshaped, two of them being engaged by the similarly fashioned ends of pins 87, 88. By forcing the pins 87 and 88 apart, the outer pins 86 will be moved longitudinally so as to force the bar 85 against the side wall of the guideway 22. The adjacent ends of the pins 87 and 88 are beveled as is the outer end of the middle pin 86, and a ball 89 is placed to engage all the said ends, so that, by forcing the ball downwardly, not only will the pins 87 and 88 be separated, but the middle pin 86 will also be moved longitudinally toward the guideway. This ball may be forced downwardly by an upright pin 90 passed downwardly through the end wall of the carrier and having a threaded portion 91 to engage threads on the carrier. At the upper projecting extremity of the pin 90, there is secured the hub of a handle 92 by which the pin may be rotated. After the carriage has been moved to the desired position, the handle '92 is rotated to force the pin 90 downwardly and thereby cause the operation of the pins 86, 86, 86 to move the gib or clamping bar 85 into firm frictional engagement with the guideway and clamp the carrier in position. In addition, the clamping of the screw bar 33 insures against any movement of the tool carrier.

For holding the work and imparting rotation thereto after the tool carrier has been properly positioned, I employ a rotary work carrier which comprises rotatable spindles having chucks by which the ends of the work may be clamped. Upon reference to Fig. 4, it will be observed that the bed of the machine is provided with alined bearings 100, 101, 'the axis of which is located in a hori zontal plane above the table and slightly above the axes of the tool spindles, in practice, about three-eighths of an inch. In these two bearings are mounted two rotatable spindles 102, 103, respectively, to each of which is firmly aflixed a gear. Said gears are identical in size and number of teeth, as indicated at 104, 105, respectively, and they intermesh with gears 106, 107 on a shaft 108 arranged longitudinally of the machine and mounted in bearings 109, 109 carried by the end walls of the bed. two spindles are thus connected together so that they rotate in synchronism. To the inner end of the spindle 102 and upon a short trunnion projecting inwardly therefrom, there is secured a disk 110 provided with a worm-gear 111. This worm-gear intermeshes with and is driven by a worm 112 on a feed shaft 113. The means for effecting the rotation of this shaft will be subsequently explained. A chuck is also secured to the inner end of the spindle 102. This chuck consists of a clamp comprising a plate 114 having a forwardly projecting web 115 and a lower stationary clamping member 116. The upper clamping member 117, as shown in Fig. 12, is hinged by a The pintle 118 to'the lower clamping member,

so that they may be drawn together by a bolt 119 hinged upon the pintle 120 and ar ranged to be swung into a slot 121 in the member 117. A nut 122 on the end of the bolt, bearing against a washer 123 and the clamping member 117, may be rotated so as to draw the two members together and clamp the end of the crank shaft or work between them. The two clamping members are provided with removable semi-cylindrical bushings 124, 124, secured in place by screws or other convenient means. The spindle 1.03 is equipped on its inner end with a similar chuck, comprising av plate 125, and a stationary clamping member 126 and a movable clamping member 127 which may be drawn together by means similar to those employed in the other chuck. In placing the work, that is, the crank shaft, in position to be operated upon, the movable clamps are unlocked and swung upwardly into inactive position, whereupon the extremities of the crank shaft are placed in the lower clamping members, the upper clamping members are swung into operative position, and the clamping bolts are tightened so as securely to lock the ends of the crank shaft to the spindles 102, 103. Then, when the feed shaft 113 is rotated, the work carrier as a whole will be rotated about the axes of the spindles, thereby causing the rotation of the crank shaft, to be operated on, about the axis of the journals to be reduced. The machine, as shown, is particularly adapted for turning the four journals of a fourthrow crank shaft, as shown in Fig. 16, but of course it may be provided with more or less tool spindles as may be desirable.

The mechanism for effecting the rotation of the work-carrier comprises, in addition to the feed shaft 113, V power-transmitting mechanism for transmitting power thereto from the main drive shaft 73 which carries the main driving pulley 82. Inasmuch as the shaft 73 moves back and forth with the tool carrier and the shaft 113 is stationarily mounted, some power-transmitting mechanism must be employed which will permit such movement. The feed shaft 113, as shown in Fig. 7, extends crosswise of the machine and is journaled in bearings afforded by the front and rear walls of the bed, below and just beyond the inner end of the bearing 100. At its front end, the shaft 113 is angular so that it may receive a handle or wrench by which it maybe rotated by hand, and at its rear end it is provided with a loosely mounted worm-wheel 130 intermeshing with a worm 131 on a short shaft 132 longitudinal of the machine and on the rear side thereof, as will be subsequently explained. The worm 112, which intermeshes with the worm-gear 111 on the spindle 102, is formed in two separate sections a, 5,

between which there is'a. spring 133 which tends to hold them apart. Against the section I) is placed a nut 134 screwed on. a threaded portion of the shaft 113, and a hub on the opposite end of thesection a bears against one race of an anti-friction thrust bearing 135, the other race of which bears against the wall of the bed. By making the worm in two parts which are forced yieldl'ngly apart, lost motion is prevented between the teeth of the worm and the worm-wheel. The two sections, of course, are keyed or splined to the shaft 113 by the key or spline 136, as shown in Fig. 8. After adjustment of the collar 134, it may be held in place by a set-screw 137 (see Fig. 7). On the rear end of the shaft 113, the worm-wheel 130 is held against axial movement by a collar 138 which is pinned to the shaft, the hub of the worm-wheel abutting against the bearing as shown. The rear extremity of the shaft is reduced, and keyed to slide thereon is a clutch member 139 having teeth complemental to the teeth of a clutch member 140 formed on the worm-wheel 130. These two elements constitute positive clutch mechanism for connecting the worm-wheel to and disconnecting it from the shaft 113. The clutch member 139 is operated by themechanism shown in Figs. 8 and 9, It is peripherally grooved to receive a fork 141 projecting from a collar 142 secured to a sliding rod 143 arranged in parallelism with the shaft 113 and extending forwardly through the rear and front walls of the bed. A spring 144, placed between the collar 142 and the rear wall of the bed, normally holds the clutch member 139 in its inactive position, so that the continuous rotation of the worm-wheel 130 will not cause the rotation of the shaft 113. At its forward end, the bar 133 has a peripherally grooved head 145 with which a fork 146 is engaged, as shown in Fig. 9. The hub of this fork is keyed to an upright shaft 147, mounted in bearings 1'48, 149, on the front wall of the bed. To the upper end of the rod is secured a collar 150, provided with a handle 151 by which it may Joe rocked so as to rock the shaft 147 and slide the bar 143 forwardly, thereby to engage the clutch members. When it is desired to effect the rotation of the work, the handle 151 is rocked and may be held in its rocked position until the work has been rotated to they desired extent. I provide means, however, by which the clutch members may be caused to remain in engagement during a complete rotation of the work carrier. Such means comprise an arm 152 on the collar 150 and having a hardened steel pin 153 adapted to ride upon the periphery of a flange 154 formed on the gear 111.. This flange is recessed to receive a hardened steel block 155 which is provided with a socket into which the pin 153 may movement of the carriage.

project. The socket is of such depth that, when the block or pin 153 is entered therein, as shown in Fig. 7, the spring 144 moves the slide 143 rearwardly far enough to disengage the movable clutch member 139 from the gear 130. Hence, to effect a complete rotation of the work carrier, the operator rocks the handle 151 to cause the engagement of the clutch members and to disengage the pin 153 from the block 155, and thereupon the feed shaft is rotated and partially rotates the work carrier through the worm 112 and the worm-wheel 111. As soon as the socketed block has been moved past the pin or block 153, the operator releases the handle 151, and the pin or block 153 thereafter rides upon the periphery of the flange 154 of the gear 111 until the socketed block again registers with the pin 153, which enters the socket and permits the spring 144 to separate the clutch member 139 from that at 140 and stops the rotation of the work carrier. The block 155 is so located that, when the pin 153 is engaged therewith, the chucks are in the position shown in Figs. 4 and 12, thereby making it easy to introduce a shaft into or to remove it from the chucks.

As hereinbefore suggested, I have found it convenient to transmit power to the worm or feed shaft 113 from the shaft 73 by which the spindles are rotated, and, as indicated, the power-transmitting mechanism must be sufficiently flexible to permit the sliding Referring to Figs. 3, 7 and 15, it will be observed that the shaft 132 (which has the worm 133 for driving the worm-wheel 130 on the shaft 113) is journaled in a box-like bracket 157 affixed to the rear wall of the bed below the shaft 113, so that the worm 133 may dip into an oil bath contained therein. Upon the end of the shaft 132, there is a sprocket "wheel 158 by which it may be driven. The shaft 73, as shown in Fig. 3, is likewise provided with a sprocket wheel 159 which is keyed thereto. Between these sprocket wheels I provide sprocket connections which include two sprockets 160, 161, which are keyed to rotate together and which are journaled upon a stud shaft 162. A sprocket chain 163 connects the sprocket 159 with the sprocket 161, and the sprocket chain 164 connects the sprocket 160 with the sprocket 158. The sprocket drive thus described acts as reducing gearing, because of the ratio of the several sprockets as shown, so that the worm 133 will be driven at slow speed from the shaft 73. The stud shaft 162 is affixed in the bifurcated ends of two yoked arms 165 and 166, the former being hung upon the shaft 73, and the latter projectingforwa'rdly from and being hung upon the shaft 132. The stud shaft 162 is adjustable lengthwise of both the arms 165 and 166 to maintain the proper tension upon the sprocket chains 163, 164. Any suitable means may be employed for clamping the stud shaft 162 to each of the yoked arms after adjustment relatively thereto. As shown in Fig. 3, the sleeve 167, to which the sprockets 160, 161 are both keyed, bears against a washer 168 which in turn bears against the face of the arm 165. Another sleeve 169, which is shouldered, is clamped against the bifurcated end of arm 166 by a not 170 and washer 171. The end of this sleeve engages a shoulder or flange 172 on the end of the shaft 162. On the other end of the shaft, there is a reduced threaded portion 173 upon which is screwed a nut 174 bearing against a washer 175 which in turn engages the face of the arm 165. It will now be seen that, when the nut 170 is screwed home so as to clamp the sleeve 169 to the arm 166, on screwing the nut 174 tightly into place, the stud shaft is also securely clamped to the arm 165. Of course any other mechanism may be utilized in lieu of that described for transmitting power from shaft 73 to the feed shaft 113.

The bed of the machine is provided with internal webs and partitions, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, to afford at the rear portion thereof a reservoir 180 for oil or other cooling medium. The oil is pumpedfrom the reservoir by a pump 181 and conduit 182 to a manifold 183 on the top of the box which forms apart of the tool carrier. From this manifold, nozzles 184 extend forwardly and downwardly so as to direct the oil or cooling medium to the cutters. The

pump 181 is of any suitable commercial type, such as employed in metal-working machines, and its main shaft 185 is provided with a sprocket wheel 186 to which power is transmitted by a sprocket chain 187 from a sprocket wheel 188 on the shaft- 132. The in let the pump is provided with a strainer I 189 and the pump itself is supported by a bracket 190 within the reservoir 180. The oil flows from the base of the tool slide and the table forwardly and is delivered into a trough 192 formed by suitable webs and partitions immediately in the rear of the front wall and in front of the table 21. From this collecting trough, a conduit 193 conducts the oil rearwardly to the reservoir 180. Into the trough, as shown in Fig. 14, are intro duced tray screens, each indicated at 196, to collect cuttings and chips. Each screen may be removed to dump out the'cuttings. Additional screens 197 may be employed at the points shown in Fig. 14, where the trough discharges into the conduit 193, to increase the insurance against the passage of chips into the reservoir 180. The conduit" 182 is preferably a rubber pipe or other flexible tubing so as not to interfere with the sliding movement of the tool carrier, upon which the nozzles are mounted and to which the conduit is connected by the manifold.

Access to the reservoir 180 may be had through a man-hole in the back wall of the bed, said manhole being closed by a removable cover 199.

One of the important features of the present invention is a device for engaging the crank shaft being operated upon, at a point between the chucks, to prevent the springing of the shaft. This device is preferably so constructed as to engage one of the crank pins, which is of course eccentric in respect of the axis upon which the work is rotated, and consequently the device is arranged to rotate with the workand about the axis thereof. This device is best shown in Fig. 6, taken in conjunction with Fig. 4. It consists of a carrier in the form of a disk 200 which is arranged to rotate in a partially open bearing 201, which bearing forms a part of a bracket 202 mounted upon and rigidly secured to the front wall of the bed at a point approximately midway between the chucks of the workcarrier. The disk is provided with a periphe al tongue 203 which engages complementally grooved gibs 204, 205, inserted between the disk and the bearing 101. The are of the bearing is a little greater than about 210, so that a portion of the work rest is exposed at the top and rear as indicated in Fig. 6. The disk is cut away so as to receive a crank pin of the crank shaft within or inside of the circle of the bearing 201. In other words, the disk is provided with a recess in which are located the steady rests which actually engage the work. One of these rests is indicated at 206, and it has two faces 207. 207, which are at an angle to each other and tangential to the crank pin engaged thereby and indicated by the broken-line circle This steady rest has a spindle 208 placed in a socket in the disk 200, so that it may move out or in so as to find perfect engagement with the crank pin, being prevented from dislocation by a screw 209. The other steady rest is formed in two parts, one member 210 of which has a spindle 211 similar to that at 208 so that it can move out or in. Thismember has a plane face for engaging the work. The other member is indicated at 212 and it may be drawn downwardly to engage the work, by a screw 213 screwed into a transverse pivot member or pintle 214 V which is inserted transversely through the member 210. By loosening the screw 213, the member 212 may be swung upwardly and rearwardly so as to permit the crank pin to be introduced between the steady rests in the position shown in Fig. 6, after which the member 212 is clamped clownwardly so as to engage the periphery of the crank pin w. The two steady rests are held against rotation by the engagement of the rear portions thereof with the walls of the recess formed in the disk 200. A wear plate 215 of hardened steel may be provided to be engaged by the members 210 and 212 as shown in the last-mentioned. figure, said wear plate being secured in place by screws 216, 217. It is evident that, when the crank shaft to be operated upon is placed in the chucks with the crank pin engaged by the work rest members 206, 210, 212, when the chucks are thereafter rotated, the disk or carrier will rotate therewith and will prevent the springing of the shaft between the chucks due to the thrust of the cutters against the journals of theshaft.

Of course it will be understood that the machine is provided with the usual safeguards against accident to the operatives; that is, the gears 104, 106 at each end of the machine are inclosed within removable cases 215 which are suitably attached to the bed at the ends thereof, and that a suitable'case or cover 216 will be employed to contain the projecting portion of the gear 111 which is affixed to the spindle 102 of the work carrier.

It is quite evident from the description which I have given of the machine that many of the details of construction and arrangement which I have described may be varied without departure from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the claims. I have shown the machine as being especially adapted for turning the journals of a four-throw crank shaft, and particularly the crank shaft of the Bugatti airplane motor. For this purpose, the mill ing cutters, as shown in Fig. 16, are arranged not only to reduce the journals of the crank shafts, but also to form undercuts in the crank arms. This is permitted by reason of the fact that the crank arms do not project laterally to any material extent beyond the journals, and, consequently, by placing the crank shaft initially inthe machine in the position shown in Fig. 10, and then adjusting the cutters to their potential working position, the crank shaft may be thereafter rotated through a complete rotation so as to cause the accurate reduction of the journals and the formation of the undercut portions at the junction of the adjusted in position. The crank shaft at this time is located as shown in Fig.- 10.

The tool carrier is now fed forward by manual rotation of the screw bar 33 until the cutters have reached the desired cutting posit-ions, whereupon the screw bar is clamped against rotation by manipulation of the screw pin 413, and the carrier is clamped by manipulation of the handle 92 of the screw pin 90. The operator thereupon rocks the clutch-controlling handle 151, which withdraws the locking pin 153 from the block 155 on the gear 111 (and hence on the spindle 102) and shifts the clutch member 139 into engagement with the member 140 on the worm wheel 130, whereupon the shaft 113 commences to rotate and slowly rotates the work carrier. As soon as the block 155 has passed the pin, the operator releases the handle 151, and the movement of the work carrier continues through one complete rotation and until the pin 153 snaps back into the socket in block 155 and releases the clutch member 139 from engagement with that at 140. The operator now unclamps the screw bar and the tool carrier and feeds the tool carrier rearwardly, and, having unclamped the member 212 ofthe work rest device to permit the removal of the crank pin therefrom, unclamps the chucks of the work carrier, and lifts the crank shaft bodily from the machine.

Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described a way of mak ing and using the same, although without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made or all .of the modes of its use, what I claim is:

1. A machine for reducing the journals of a crank shaft, comprising a work carrier which includes rotatable chucks for engaging the opposite ends of the crank shaft, a tool carrier having a plurality of parallel rotatable tool spindles each having a tool thereon and all arranged transversely of the axis of rotation of the chucks, means for moving-said tool carrier toward and from the axis of the chucks to cause the tools on the spindles to operate upon the journals on the crank shaft, and means for rotating the chucks and the crank shaft carried thereby.

2. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed having bearings at its ends and an intermediate transverse guideway, a tool carrier mounted to slide on the guideway, a rotary tool thereon having its axis longitudinal of said guideway, mechanism for rotating said tool, and a rotatable work carrier including spindles mounted in said bearings and each having a chuck at its inner end, gearing connecting said spindles so that they rotate in synchronism, and means for transmitting power to said spindles to effect their rotation.

3. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed having bearings at its ends and an intermediate transverse guideway, a tool car rier mounted to slide on the guideway, a rotatable tool thereon having its axis longitudinal of said guideway, a rotatable work carrier including spindles mounted in said bearings and each having a chuck at its inner end, gearing connecting said spindles so that they rotate in synchronism, and means for transmitting power to said spindles to effect their rotation and a work rest intermediate of said spindles and rotatable about the axis thereof.

4. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed having bearings at its ends and an intermediate transverse guideway, a tool carrier mounted to slide on the guideway, parallel tool spindles journaled in the carrier longitudinally of the path of movement thereof, a driving shaft on said carrier transverse to said tool spindles, gearing connecting said shaft and said spindles, a rotatable work carrier including chuck spindles rotatable in said bearings, and mechanism for rotating said work carrier.

5. A metal-working machine, comprising a horizontal transverse guideway, a tool carrier movable on said guideway, mechanism for advancing and withdrawing said carrier, means for locking said carrier in operative position, parallel tool spindles journaled on said carrier, mechanism for rotating said spindles, and a work carrier including chuck spindles journaled on the bed and arranged to hold and rotate the work, and mechanism for rotating said spindles.

6. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed, alined work-carrying spindles journaled in the bed and having chucks to engage the work, mechanism for effecting the rotation of said spindles, a guideway on the bed transverse to the axis of said spindles, a tool carrier movable on said guideway, parallel rotary spindles journaled on said tool carrier transverse to the axis of said workcarrying spindles andhaving tools thereon, mechanism for rotating said tool-carrying spindles, and mechanism for advancing and withdrawing said tool carrier.

7. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed, alined rotary work-carrying spindles journaled on the bed, a tool carrier movable on the bed in a path transverse to the axis of said spindles, one or more tool spindles on said carrier also transverse to the axis of said work-carrying spindles, means for advancing said tool carrier toward and retracting it from said axis, means for locking said carrier to the bed, power-actuated mechanism for rotating said tool spindles, and mechanism for rotating said work-carrying spindles including a clutch mechanism con trolled in its operation by one of said workcarrying spindles.

8. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed, alined rotary work-carrying spindles journaled on the bed, a tool carrier movable on the bed in a path transverse to the axis of said spindles, one or more tool spindles on said carrier also transverse to the axis of said work-carrying spindles, means for advancing said tool carrier toward and retracting it from said axis, means for locking said carrier to the bed, power-actuated mechanism for rotating said tool spindles, and power-transmitting mechanism actuated by said power-actuated mechanism for rotating said work-carrying spindles, including a clutch mechanism controlled in its operation by one of said work-carrying spindles.

9. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed, alined rotary worlecarrying spintate' only in synchronism, a'worm wheel on one of said spindles, an associated worm and shaft therefor, clutch mechanism ineluding a movable clutch member for transm1tt1ng power to said worm shaft, and clutch-operating mechanism including .a

manually operable handle and also a member controlled in its operation by one of said work-carrying spindles.

11. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed, alined rotary work-carrying spindles journaled on said bed a shaft parallel thereto, gearing connecting said shaft and said spindles, whereby said spindles may ro-' tate only in' synchronism, a worm wheel on one of said spindles, an associated wormand shaft therefor journaled in the bed, a tool carrier movable on the bed toward and from the axis of said work-carrying spindles, parallel tool spindles journaled on said tool carrier, a main shaft on said carrier, gearing connecting said main shaft and said tool spindles, and flexible power-transmitting connections between said main shaft and said worm shaft.

12. A metal-working machine, comprising a bed, a work carrier including rotary alined chuck spindles journaled' on the bed to receive the ends of a bar to be operated on, a tool carrier having its base mounted to slide on said bed, and movable toward and from the axis of said chuck spindles, a shaft journaled in said carrier transversely to its path of movement, a'plurality of parallel rotary tool spindles journaled in said carrier transverse to said shaft, and gears operatively connectingeach spindle with said shaft.

13. A machine for reducing the journals of a crank shaft, comprising a bed, rotary alined spindles j ournaled at the ends of the bed, and having clamping members at their inner ends which mayv be opened to permit the lateral insertion of the ends of the crank shaft therein, mechanism for rotating said spindles and automatically stopping said spindles with the clamping members in position to permit the ready lateral removal of said crank shaft, a tool carrier mountedvon the bed and movable toward and from the axis of the said spindles, parallel tool spindles journaled on said carrier to operate upon the journals of said crank shaft, means for moving said carrier and tool spindles toward and from active position with the tools in working relation to said journals, means for clamping said carrier with the tools in said last-mentioned active position, and mechanism for effecting the rotation of said spindles. 7 7

1A. A machine for operating on the journals of a crank shaft comprising rotary spindles for engaging the opposite ends of such shaft, and a work rest mechanism including a carrier rotatable about the axis of said spindles and having an open recess, and rests located in said recess to engage a crank pin of such shaft.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

- HANS H. WAN DEBS. 

